MANILA, Philippines – Ang external debt ng PIlipinas sa porsiyento ng gross domestic product (GDP) ay nananatili sa 29%.
Ito’y para sa first quarter ng taong 2023.
Makikita sa data na ipinalabas ng Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP) na ang external debt-to-GDP ratio mula Enero hanggang Marso 2023 ay mas mataas kumpara sa 27.5% na nakita noong Disyembre 2022.
“External debt, defined as all types of borrowings by Filipinos from foreigners, amounted to $118.8 billion as of end-March 2023, up by $7.5 billion, or 6.8%, from the $111.3 billion level as of end-2022. Year-on-year, the country’s external debt stock grew by $9.1 billion,” ayon sa ulat.
Sinabi ng BSP na ang mas mataas na external debt-to-GDP ratio ay “due to a change in the scope of the external debt stock to include non-resident holdings of peso-denominated debt securities issued onshore ($3.8 billion).”
Sinabi ng Bangko Sentral na ang statistical adjustment, resulta ng availability ng detailed information ukol sa non-resident holdings ng nasabing securities, ay alinsunod sa International Monetary Fund standards.
“Borrowings by the public sector for the national government’s general financing requirements, funding of pandemic recovery measures, and other infrastructure programs, among others, also contributed to the growth in the debt stock,” ang paliwanag ng BSP.
“The increase in external debt was driven by net availments of $7.6 billion, of which $7.4 billion pertain to national government borrowings; the inclusion of non-residents holdings of peso-denominated debt securities at $3.8 billion; and prior periods’ adjustments of $646 million,” ayon sa BSP.
“Public sector external debt rose to $75.2 billion in the first quarter of 2023, from $67.4 billion year-on-year. This accounted for 63.3% of the total external debt. About $68.1 billion, or 90.5% of public sector obligations, were national government borrowings, while the remaining $7.1 billion pertained to loans of government-owned and controlled corporations, government financial institutions, and the central bank,” lahad pa ng BSP.
“Private sector debt, meanwhile, declined from $43.9 billion as of end-2022 to $43.6 billion as of end-March 2023, with its share of the total also decreasing from 39.4% to 36.7%,” ayon sa BSP sabay sabing “This was due mainly to net repayments of $1.3 billion, which offset: prior periods’ adjustments of $707 million; the net acquisition of Philippine debt securities by non-residents from residents of $251 million; and a positive foreign exchange revaluation of $59 million.”
Sa ulat, ang mga pangunahing “sources of credit” ng PIlipinas ay ang Japan ($14.3 billion), Estados Unidos ($3.6 billion) at ang United Kingdom ($3.2 billion).
Ang mga loans mula sa official sources gaya ng multilateral at bilateral creditors ay mayroong “largest share” na 37.9% ng kabuuang outstanding debt, sinundan ng borrowings sa uri ng “bonds/notes” na 35.2% at obligasyon sa foreign banks at iba pang financial institutions na 20.9%; ang natitira ay 5.9% na inutang sa ibang creditors, higit sa lahat sa mga suppliers o exporters.
Pagdating naman sa currency mix, sinabi ng Bangko Sentral na ang debt stock ng bansa ay nananatiling “largely denominated” sa US dollar na 76% at ang Japanese yen na 8.3%, habang 15.7% na balanse ay tumutukoy sa 17 iba pang currencies, kabilang na ang Philippine peso, euro, at Special Drawing Rights. Kris Jose
